In the Italian language, there are four main verb moods: indicative, subjunctive, conditional, and imperative. Each of these moods is used to express different intentions, actions, or states.
The indicative talks about facts, the subjunctive about doubts and desires, the conditional about hypothetical situations, and the imperative for commands and requests.
Knowing how to conjugate verbs correctly in these moods allows you to easily express various thoughts and emotions in everyday conversation.
Ha alternato momenti di riposo e di lavoro. (Giovanni Verga, I Malavoglia)
alternàre : to alternate
al|ter|nà|re
: (accento grave)
Indicative mood (Indicativo) of the verb alternàre
The indicative mood (Indicativo) is one of the fundamental verb moods in the Italian language, used to express actions, states, or events considered real or certain. It is employed to describe facts, daily routines, and objective situations.
For instance, sentences like "Io vado al mercato" or "Loro studiano per l'esame" illustrate the use of the indicative to convey concrete information.
This mood can be conjugated in various tenses, such as present, past, and future, allowing for precise placement of actions in time. Understanding the indicative is essential for effective communication and for grasping the nuances of the Italian language.
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Tempo semplice
Presente alternàre |
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| io | alterno |
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| tu | alterni |
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| lui/lei/Lei | alterna |
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| noi | alterniamo |
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| voi | alternate |
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| loro | alternano |
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Tempo semplice
Imperfetto alternàre |
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| io | alternavo |
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| tu | alternavi |
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| lui/lei/Lei | alternava |
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| noi | alternavamo |
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| voi | alternavate |
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| loro | alternavano |
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Tempo semplice
Futuro semplice alternàre |
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| io | alternerò |
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| tu | alternerai |
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| lui/lei/Lei | alternerà |
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| noi | alterneremo |
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| voi | alternerete |
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| loro | alterneranno |
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Tempo semplice
Passato remoto alternàre |
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| io | alternai |
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| tu | alternasti |
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| lui/lei/Lei | alternò |
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| noi | alternammo |
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| voi | alternaste |
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| loro | alternarono |
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Tempo composto
Futuro anteriore alternàre |
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| io | avrò alternato |
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| tu | avrai alternato |
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| lui/lei/Lei | avrà alternato |
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| noi | avremo alternato |
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| voi | avrete alternato |
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| loro | avranno alternato |
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Tempo composto
Passato prossimo alternàre |
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| io | ho alternato |
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| tu | hai alternato |
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| lui/lei/Lei | ha alternato |
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| noi | abbiamo alternato |
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| voi | avete alternato |
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| loro | hanno alternato |
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Tempo composto
Trapassato prossimo alternàre |
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| io | avevo alternato |
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| tu | avevi alternato |
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| lui/lei/Lei | aveva alternato |
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| noi | avevamo alternato |
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| voi | avevate alternato |
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| loro | avevano alternato |
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Tempo composto
Trapassato remoto alternàre |
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| io | ebbi alternato |
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| tu | avesti alternato |
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| lui/lei/Lei | ebbe alternato |
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| noi | avemmo alternato |
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| voi | aveste alternato |
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| loro | ebbero alternato |
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Subjunctive mood (Congiuntivo) of the verb alternàre
The subjunctive mood (Congiuntivo) is a fundamental verb mood in the Italian language, used to express uncertainty, wishes, emotions, and hypothetical situations. It is employed when discussing actions that are not certain or real, such as in cases of doubt or possibility.
For instance, sentences like "Spero che tu venga" or "Se avessi tempo, partirei" illustrate the use of the subjunctive to reflect states of mind or events that depend on conditions.
This mood can appear in various tenses, such as present and past, and is essential for nuanced communication and expressing complex thoughts in the Italian language.
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Tempo semplice
Congiuntivo presente alternàre |
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| io | alterni |
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| tu | alterni |
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| lui/lei/Lei | alterni |
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| noi | alterniamo |
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| voi | alterniate |
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| loro | alternino |
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Tempo semplice
Congiuntivo imperfetto alternàre |
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| io | alternassi |
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| tu | alternassi |
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| lui/lei/Lei | alternasse |
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| noi | alternassimo |
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| voi | alternaste |
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| loro | alternassero |
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Tempo composto
Congiuntivo passato alternàre |
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| io | abbia alternato |
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| tu | abbia alternato |
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| lui/lei/Lei | abbia alternato |
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| noi | abbiamo alternato |
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| voi | abbiate alternato |
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| loro | abbiano alternato |
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Tempo composto
Congiuntivo trapassato alternàre |
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| io | avessi alternato |
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| tu | avessi alternato |
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| lui/lei/Lei | avesse alternato |
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| noi | avessimo alternato |
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| voi | aveste alternato |
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| loro | avessero alternato |
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Conditional mood (Condizionale) of the verb alternàre
The conditional mood (Condizionale) is a fundamental verb mood in the Italian language, used to express actions or states that depend on specific conditions. It is often employed to formulate wishes, requests, or hypothetical situations that are not certain.
For instance, sentences like "Vorrei un caffè" or "Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei di più" illustrate how the conditional is used to express situations dependent on certain circumstances.
This mood can be conjugated in tenses like present and past, and is essential for clear communication and expressing complex thoughts in the Italian language.
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Tempo semplice
Condizionale presente alternàre |
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| io | alternerei |
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| tu | alterneresti |
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| lui/lei/Lei | alternerebbe |
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| noi | alterneremmo |
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| voi | alternereste |
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| loro | alternerebbero |
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Tempo composto
Condizionale passato alternàre |
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| io | avrei alternato |
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| tu | avresti alternato |
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| lui/lei/Lei | avrebbe alternato |
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| noi | avremmo alternato |
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| voi | avreste alternato |
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| loro | avrebbero alternato |
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Imperative mood (Imperativo) of the verb alternàre
The imperative mood (Imperativo) is an essential verb mood in the Italian language, used to give commands, instructions, or advice. It is formed for the second person singular, second person plural, and first person plural.
For example, sentences like "Fai attenzione!" or "Parlate lentamente!" demonstrate how the imperative can be used to communicate directly and clearly. The phrase "Andiamo!" for expressing an invitation to do something together is also an example of the imperative.
However, it's important to note that the imperative does not have forms for the third person singular and plural. In these cases, the subjunctive mood is used to express desires or recommendations in a gentler manner. This characteristic makes Italian unique, as the subjunctive adds a touch of politeness and delicacy to conversations.
Knowing the imperative and its appropriate use is crucial for effective communication and maintaining a friendly tone in everyday interactions.
Imperativo alternàre |
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| tu | alterna |
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| noi | alterniamo |
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| voi | alternate |
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Congiuntivo alternàre |
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| Lei | alterni |
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| Che lui/lei | alterni |
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| Che loro | alternino |
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