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    In the Italian language, there are four main verb moods: indicative, subjunctive, conditional, and imperative. Each of these moods is used to express different intentions, actions, or states.
    The indicative talks about facts, the subjunctive about doubts and desires, the conditional about hypothetical situations, and the imperative for commands and requests.
    Knowing how to conjugate verbs correctly in these moods allows you to easily express various thoughts and emotions in everyday conversation.
    Si sono scusati per il ritardo. (Umberto Eco, Il nome della rosa)
    scusàrsi : to apologize
    scu|sàr|si : (accento grave)

    Indicative mood (Indicativo) of the verb scusàrsi

    The indicative mood (Indicativo) is one of the fundamental verb moods in the Italian language, used to express actions, states, or events considered real or certain. It is employed to describe facts, daily routines, and objective situations.
    For instance, sentences like "Io vado al mercato" or "Loro studiano per l'esame" illustrate the use of the indicative to convey concrete information.
    This mood can be conjugated in various tenses, such as present, past, and future, allowing for precise placement of actions in time. Understanding the indicative is essential for effective communication and for grasping the nuances of the Italian language.

    Tempo semplice

    Presente scusàrsi

    io mi scuso
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    tu ti scusi
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    lui/lei/Lei si scusa
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    noi ci scusiamo
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    voi vi scusate
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    loro si scusano
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    Tempo semplice

    Imperfetto scusàrsi

    io mi scusavo
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    tu ti scusavi
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    lui/lei/Lei si scusava
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    noi ci scusavamo
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    voi vi scusavate
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    loro si scusavano
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    Tempo semplice

    Futuro semplice scusàrsi

    io mi scuserò
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    tu ti scuserai
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    lui/lei/Lei si scuserà
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    noi ci scuseremo
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    voi vi scuserete
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    loro si scuseranno
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    Tempo semplice

    Passato remoto scusàrsi

    io mi scusai
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    tu ti scusasti
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    lui/lei/Lei si scusò
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    noi ci scusammo
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    voi vi scusaste
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    loro si scusarono
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    Tempo composto

    Futuro anteriore scusàrsi

    io mi sarò scusato(a)
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    tu ti sarai scusato(a)
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    lui/lei/Lei si sarà scusato(a)
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    noi ci saremo scusati(e)
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    voi vi sarete scusati(e)
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    loro si saranno scusati(e)
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    Tempo composto

    Passato prossimo scusàrsi

    io mi sono scusato(a)
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    tu ti sei scusato(a)
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    lui/lei/Lei si è scusato(a)
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    noi ci siamo scusati(e)
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    voi vi siete scusati(e)
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    loro si sono scusati(e)
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    Tempo composto

    Trapassato prossimo scusàrsi

    io mi ero scusato(a)
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    tu ti eri scusato(a)
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    lui/lei/Lei si era scusato(a)
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    noi ci eravamo scusati(e)
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    voi vi eravate scusati(e)
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    loro si erano scusati(e)
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    Tempo composto

    Trapassato remoto scusàrsi

    io mi fui scusato(a)
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    tu ti fosti scusato(a)
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    lui/lei/Lei si fu scusato(a)
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    noi ci fummo scusati(e)
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    voi vi foste scusati(e)
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    loro si furono scusati(e)
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    Subjunctive mood (Congiuntivo) of the verb scusàrsi

    The subjunctive mood (Congiuntivo) is a fundamental verb mood in the Italian language, used to express uncertainty, wishes, emotions, and hypothetical situations. It is employed when discussing actions that are not certain or real, such as in cases of doubt or possibility.
    For instance, sentences like "Spero che tu venga" or "Se avessi tempo, partirei" illustrate the use of the subjunctive to reflect states of mind or events that depend on conditions.
    This mood can appear in various tenses, such as present and past, and is essential for nuanced communication and expressing complex thoughts in the Italian language.

    Tempo semplice

    Congiuntivo presente scusàrsi

    io mi scusi
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    tu ti scusi
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    lui/lei/Lei si scusi
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    noi ci scusiamo
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    voi vi scusiate
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    loro si scusino
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    Tempo semplice

    Congiuntivo imperfetto scusàrsi

    io mi scusassi
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    tu ti scusassi
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    lui/lei/Lei si scusasse
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    noi ci scusassimo
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    voi vi scusaste
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    loro si scusassero
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    Tempo composto

    Congiuntivo passato scusàrsi

    io mi sia scusato(a)
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    tu ti sia scusato(a)
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    lui/lei/Lei si sia scusato(a)
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    noi ci siamo scusati(e)
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    voi vi siate scusati(e)
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    loro si siano scusati(e)
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    Tempo composto

    Congiuntivo trapassato scusàrsi

    io mi fossi scusato(a)
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    tu ti fossi scusato(a)
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    lui/lei/Lei si fosse scusato(a)
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    noi ci fossimo scusati(e)
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    voi vi foste scusati(e)
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    loro si fossero scusati(e)
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    Conditional mood (Condizionale) of the verb scusàrsi

    The conditional mood (Condizionale) is a fundamental verb mood in the Italian language, used to express actions or states that depend on specific conditions. It is often employed to formulate wishes, requests, or hypothetical situations that are not certain.
    For instance, sentences like "Vorrei un caffè" or "Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei di più" illustrate how the conditional is used to express situations dependent on certain circumstances.
    This mood can be conjugated in tenses like present and past, and is essential for clear communication and expressing complex thoughts in the Italian language.

    Tempo semplice

    Condizionale presente scusàrsi

    io mi scuserei
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    tu ti scuseresti
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    lui/lei/Lei si scuserebbe
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    noi ci scuseremmo
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    voi vi scusereste
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    loro si scuserebbero
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    Tempo composto

    Condizionale passato scusàrsi

    io mi sarei scusato(a)
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    tu ti saresti scusato(a)
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    lui/lei/Lei si sarebbe scusato(a)
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    noi ci saremmo scusati(e)
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    voi vi sareste scusati(e)
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    loro si sarebbero scusati(e)
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    Imperative mood (Imperativo) of the verb scusàrsi

    The imperative mood (Imperativo) is an essential verb mood in the Italian language, used to give commands, instructions, or advice. It is formed for the second person singular, second person plural, and first person plural.
    For example, sentences like "Fai attenzione!" or "Parlate lentamente!" demonstrate how the imperative can be used to communicate directly and clearly. The phrase "Andiamo!" for expressing an invitation to do something together is also an example of the imperative.
    However, it's important to note that the imperative does not have forms for the third person singular and plural. In these cases, the subjunctive mood is used to express desires or recommendations in a gentler manner. This characteristic makes Italian unique, as the subjunctive adds a touch of politeness and delicacy to conversations.
    Knowing the imperative and its appropriate use is crucial for effective communication and maintaining a friendly tone in everyday interactions.

    Imperativo scusàrsi

    tu scusati
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    noi scusiamoci
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    voi scusatevi
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    Congiuntivo scusàrsi

    Lei si scusi
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    Che lui/lei si scusi
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    Che loro si scusino
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